The paper examines the effect of strategic human resource management and organizational performance in Nigeria. Specifically the paper sought to; examine the effect of human resource planning on organizational performance in Nigeria and determine the effect of training and development on organizational performance in Nigeria. Secondary information sources including newspapers, internet materials, and magazines were consulted in guiding the study. The findings indicate that effective human resource planning significantly contributes to organizational performance by ensuring that the right people with the necessary skills are available to achieve organizational goals. Similarly, training and development were found to have a positive effect on performance, enhancing employees’ skills, knowledge, and productivity, which in turn improves overall organizational outcomes. However, both human resource planning and training and development are critical components of SHRM that drive organizational effectiveness in Nigeria. The paper recommends among others that; Organizations in Nigeria should adopt structured HR planning processes that accurately forecast workforce needs, identify skill gaps, and align personnel requirements with long-term organizational goals. This will enhance performance by ensuring that the right talent is available at the right time.

Keywords: Strategic Human Resource Management, Human Resource Planning, Training and Development and Organizational performance.