The present study analyzes the technological evolution and the global panorama of patents related to kefir and probiotics, with the objective of identifying trends, strategic actors, and innovation dynamics in the sector. The research is characterized as documentary, with a qualitative and exploratory approach, with applications of bibliometric techniques and technological prospecting. The data were collected in scientific databases and on the Espacenet platform, using keywords, Boolean operators and International Patent Classification (IPC) codes. The results indicate significant growth in patents from 2014 onwards, with consolidation between 2020 and 2025, evidencing the transition of kefir from functional food to high-value therapeutic applications. There is a strong geographical concentration of innovation in the United States, Europe, and Asia, in addition to the predominance of large multinationals and biotechnology startups as the main applicants. The analysis of the legal situation demonstrates a mature portfolio, with high potential for innovation, especially in the pharmaceutical and nutraceutical areas, presenting opportunities for new entrants in specific niches and technologies in the public domain.

Keywords: Biotechnology. Functional food. Nutraceuticals. Patent. Pharmaceutical.