Visual impairment has a profound impact on the freedom and mobility of billions of people globally, posing both safety risks and economic challenges. Traditional white canes, while useful for tactile input, are ineffective for detecting high risks or communicating in an emergency. This study outlines the creation of an Arduino-powered smart cane equipped with ultrasonic sensors for obstacle detection and an HC-05 Bluetooth module for emergency notifications. The process included calibrating three HC-SR04 sensors to achieve a 140 cm detection range and integrating an MPU-6050 sensor for fall detection. System testing results show that the cane successfully provides aural and tactile feedback when obstacles are within 75 cm and broadcasts real-time GPS coordinates via a linked smartphone application in the case of a fall. This low-cost approach overcomes the constraints of standard mobility aids by providing a proactive safety net for visually impaired individuals and their caregivers. 

Keywords: Arduino, Assistive technology, Fall detection, Obstacle detection, Smart cane.