This study investigates the adaptive social protection (ASP) theory of humanitarianism.  Adaptive Social Protection encompasses three key aspects of practice: social protection (SP), disaster risk reduction (DRR), and climate change adaptation (CCA). These aspects have evolved from diverse origins, driven by the goal of reducing susceptibility and building resilience. These interrelated groups of practice distribute, reduce vulnerability, and build resilience. In 2014, the ASP initiative began, which took place in six countries in the Sahel region: Burkina Faso, Chad, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, and Senegal. It was completed in 2019.
ASP reflects hazardous procedures and climate changes that eradicate the origin of susceptibility, lack, and inequality. This concept is important because of the difference between handling and the ability to adapt. This reduces the adverse influences of worldwide encounters and transformation in terms of poverty, food insecurity, and climate change, which contribute to natural disasters. Adaptive social protection builds the resilience of deprived and susceptible households through the ability to prepare, handle, and adjust to shocks. It protects people’s well-being and safeguards them from poverty because of the shock effects. ASP systems are instruments used to reduce poverty and mitigate the effects of shocks. The following building blocks establish the ASP system: adaptive information, adaptive programmes, and adaptive financing.