This study examined the effects of Reality Therapy (RT) on psychosocial problems among secondary school students in Jalingo Education Zone, Taraba State, Nigeria. It sought to determine the effectiveness of RT in improving self-esteem, reducing substance use disorder, bullying, and social isolation. Quasi-experimental design, using a pre-test/post-test approach was used. 40 SS II students identified with psychosocial problems, selected from two public secondary schools in Jalingo Education Zone. A validated Psychosocial Problem Questionnaire (PPQ) was used to collect data. Reality Therapy was administered over 10 sessions, focusing on present behaviors, responsibility, and goal-setting. Descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (paired samples t-test) were used to analyze the data. Reality Therapy proved effective in addressing psychosocial problems among secondary school students, with the most substantial improvements observed in self-esteem and depression. The study aligns with previous research, reinforcing the efficacy of RT in improving mental health and behavioral outcomes. Reality Therapy is a promising intervention for reducing psychosocial problems among secondary school students. Its focus on present behaviors, responsibility, and goal-setting empowers students to make positive changes, fostering a healthier and more supportive school environment. The findings highlighted the importance of adopting evidence-based psychological interventions to address the complex challenges faced by adolescents. Finally, the study recommended among others that, Integrate Reality Therapy into school counseling programs, train counselors and teachers to implement RT techniques, organize workshops and seminars to raise awareness about psychosocial problems and effective interventions and encourage further research to explore the long-term effects of RT and its applicability in diverse educational settings.