The study assessed clinical file management in primary health care, with particular reference to Ahoada East Local Government Primary Health Care Centre, Rivers State. The study was motivated by the importance of accurate, accessible, and well-managed clinical files in supporting continuity of care, clinical decision-making, patient safety, health information management, and effective health service delivery. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design. The population comprised patients attending Ahoada East Local Government Primary Health Care Centre, while a sample of 100 patients was selected for the study. Data were collected using a researcher-designed questionnaire divided into Sections A and B, with responses measured using a four-point Likert scale of Strongly Agreed, Agreed, Strongly Disagreed, and Disagreed. The instrument was subjected to face and content validity through the appraisal of the research supervisor. Data collected were analysed using frequency tables and simple percentages, while the hypothesis was tested using inferential statistics. The findings indicated that effective clinical file management contributes significantly to patient care and health outcomes. The hypothesis test showed that the calculated t-value of 2.813 was greater than the critical value of 1.96 at the 0.05 level of significance, leading to the rejection of the null hypothesis. The study concluded that effective clinical file management is essential for improving the quality, efficiency, safety, and continuity of primary health care services. It recommended improved health information infrastructure, regular training of health workers, standardized record-keeping procedures, stronger data security and confidentiality measures, routine monitoring and evaluation, and greater stakeholder involvement in clinical file management.